⭐ 核心区别对比
表达 |
用法 |
适用场景 |
例句 |
同义替换 |
as per |
正式书面用语 |
合同/法律文件/正式通知 |
As per the agreement, the deadline is Friday. |
in accordance with, pursuant to |
per |
中性正式用语 |
商务邮件/技术文档/报价单 |
Per our conversation, I'm sending the files. |
according to, as per |
refer to |
查阅参考 |
学术论文/说明书/指南 |
For installation steps, refer to Appendix A. |
consult, see |
according to |
通用表达 |
日常对话/新闻报道/一般写作 |
According to the forecast, a storm is coming. |
as stated by, based on |
in line with |
符合依据 |
政策文件/商业报告 |
In line with regulations, we must update the system. |
consistent with |
⭐深度解析
- As Per
- 最正式严谨的表达方式
- 常见于法律条款、公司规章制度
- 隐含"严格遵照执行"的强制性
例：As per the court order, the property will be seized.
- Per
- 商务场景中的高频词
- 比as per语气稍缓和
- 常用于邮件开头引用前文
例：Per the CEO's instructions, the meeting is rescheduled.
- Refer To
- 强调需要查阅具体出处
- 后接页码、章节等具体信息
例：For troubleshooting, refer to Chapter 3.
衍生词：reference（参考资料）
- According To
- 使用范围最广
- 可接具体人物或信息来源
例：According to the latest research, this method is effective.
注意：according to不可接me/my opinion
- In Line With
强调符合某个标准或规定
例：This decision is in line with company values.
⭐ 使用技巧
✅ 正式文书：优先使用as per或in line with
✅ 商务沟通：per简洁专业
✅ 技术文档：多用refer to引导查阅
✅ 日常交流：according to最自然
✅ 表达观点：改用in my opinion而非according to me
⭐ 常见错误
❌ As per to the guidelines（冗余介词）
✅ As per the guidelines
❌ According the newspaper（漏掉to）
✅ According to the newspaper
❌ Per to your email（错误搭配）
✅ Per your email
⭐ 扩展表达
- pursuant to：法律文件专用（比as per更正式）
- as mentioned in：如前所述（正式邮件）
- based upon：基于（较based on更正式）
- with reference to：关于（正式信函开头）
- in compliance with：遵照执行（强调合规性）
实用口诀：
"As per条款要记清，
Per邮件显精明，
Refer to查说明，
According to最通行，
In line with保合规，
用对词语更专业！"
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